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What is long tail?

Long tail describes the strategy of retail of selling a wide variety of items in small quantities.

This concept was popularized by Chris Anderson, an American physicist and writer, in an article in Wired magazine in October 2004, where he used the term to designate market niches. The term comes from the shape of the graph generated by this theory, where the most popular products reach the top, but they do not take a large part of the market, while the niches, although small, are infinite. As examples of companies that adopt this strategy, Anderson used Amazon.com, Apple and Netflix.